Description
Indications of Sefril 250
Cephradine is used to treat infections caused by Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria that are sensitive to antibiotics. Undesirable is one of them. Lower respiratory tract infections include bronchitis (acute and chronic), lobar pneumonia, and bronchopneumonia. Upper respiratory tract infections include sinusitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, laryngo-tracheobronchitis, and otitis media. Infections of the urinary system include cystitis, urethritis, and pyelonephritis. Abscess, cellulitis, furunculosis, and impetigo are all skin and soft tissue infections.
Cephradine is sensitive to the following bacteria in vitro: Gram-positive bacteria include Staphylococci (including penicillin-sensitive and resistant strains, as well as species that produce penicillinase), Streptococci, Streptococci pyogenes (beta haemolytic), and Streptococcus pneumonia.
Gram-negative organisms include E. coli, Klebsiella spp., Proteus mirabilis, Haemophilus influenzae, Shigella spp., Salmonella spp. (including Salmonella typhi), and Neisseria spp. Many E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus strains that manufacture the enzyme penicillinase and are consequently ampicillin resistant are vulnerable to Cephradine, which is not affected by this enzyme.
Pharmaceutical Name of Sefril 250
ACME Laboratories Ltd.
Pharmacology
Cephradine is a semisynthetic broad spectrum bactericidal antibiotic that is effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Cephradine is toxic to both penicillinase-producing and non-producing staphylococci. Cephradine’s principal site of action is the bacterial cell wall. Peptidoglycan is found in the cell wall of sensitive organisms. Cephradine inhibits cross-linking, resulting in the formation of a cell wall with numerous pores, resulting in bacterial lysis owing to external osmotic pressure.
Dosage & Administration of Sefril 250
For oral administration–
Adults:
- Urinary tract infections: 500mg four times daily or 1g twice daily. Infections which are severe or chronic may necessitate the administration of higher doses. Where complications arise including prostatitis and epididymitis continued intensive treatment is required.
- Respiratory tract infections: 250 to 500mg four times daily or 500mg to 1g twice daily, dependent on the site and severity of the infection.
- Skin and soft tissue infections: 250 to 500mg four times daily or 500mg to 1g twice daily, again dependent on the site and severity of the infection.
Children:
- Total daily dose of 25 to 50mg/kg given in two or four equally divided doses.
- Otitis media: Total daily dose of 75 to 100mg/kg given in divided doses 6 to 12 hourly.
- Maximum daily dosage: 4 gm
Elderly: The normal adult dose is appropriate. Patients with impaired renal or hepatic function should be monitored during treatment.
For injectable administration–
- Adult: The usual dose is 2-4 gm daily in four equally divided doses up to 8 gm daily. For prophylaxis a single preoperative dose of 1-2 gm intramuscularly or intravenously is given.
- Children: The dose is 50-100 mg/kg daily in four equally divided doses, up to 300 mg/kg daily in severe infection.
Interaction of Sefril 250
When nephrotoxic medications like aminoglycosides are taken with Cefradine, the risk of kidney damage increases. Renal toxicity was increased by diuretics (e.g., frusemide, ethacrynic acid) and probenecid.
Contraindications
Cephradine should not be administered in patients who have a known or suspected cephalosporin hypersensitivity.
Side Effects of Sefril 250
Mostly limited to gastrointestinal issues and, on rare circumstances, hypersensitivity reactions. Individuals who have previously showed hypersensitivity, as well as those with a history of allergy, asthma, hay fever, or urticaria, are more likely to develop the latter. Skin responses have been reported on occasion. Glossitis, heartburn, dizziness, chest tightness, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal discomfort, vaginitis, candida overgrowth are all uncommon symptoms. Urticaria, skin rashes, joint aches, and oedema are examples of skin and hypersensitivity reactions.
Disorders of the blood and lymphatic system- Unknown: blood disorders (including thrombocytopenia, leucopenia, agranulocytosis, aplastic anaemia and haemolytic anaemia)
Fever, serum sickness-like symptoms, and anaphylaxis are examples of immune system illnesses that are unknown.
Unknown psychiatric disorders: confusion, sleep disturbances, etc.
Unknown: hyperactivity, hypertonia, dizziness, nervousness; very rarely: headache
Liver, enzyme abnormalities, transitory hepatitis, and cholestatic jaundice are examples of hepatobiliary illnesses with an unknown frequency.
Unknown: reversible interstitial nephritis Renal and urinary diseases.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Although animal studies have not demonstrated any teratogenicity, safety in pregnancy has not been established. Cephradine is excreted in breast milk and should be used with caution in lactating mothers. Since the medicine may cause dizziness, patients should be cautioned about operating hazardous machinery, including automobiles.
Precautions & Warnings
Due to the formation of resistant organisms, prolonged usage of an anti-infective may result in the development of superinfection.
Because of the danger of cross-sensitivity between beta-lactam antibiotics, cephradine should be used with caution in individuals who are hypersensitive to penicillins.
Antibiotics that contain cephalosporins may result in a positive Coombs test result. When performing Coombs testing on neonates whose mothers took cephalosporins before giving birth, keep in mind that a positive result could be related to the antibiotic.
When Benedict’s or Fehling’s solutions or Clinitest tablets are employed in the testing, cephradine may give a false positive urine glucose result. With enzyme-based assays, this does not happen (e.g. Clinistix, Diastix).
Renal insufficiency necessitates dosage adjustments.
Lactose is present in this product. This medicine should not be used by people who have a rare inherited condition with galactose intolerance, Lapp lactase insufficiency, or glucose-galactose malabsorption.
Therapeutic Class
First generation Cephalosporins
Storage Conditions
Cephradine Suspension should be made as soon as possible. If maintained at room temperature, the reconstituted suspension should be used within 7 days; if kept in the refrigerator, it should be used within 14 days. When maintained at room temperature, Cephradine Injection solutions should be used within 2 hours. Solutions keep their potency for 12 hours when kept at 5°C. The color of reconstituted solutions can range from pale to straw yellow, however this has no bearing on their efficacy. Do not use after the expiration date. All drugs should be kept out of the reach of youngsters. Only on a licensed physician’s prescription can it be dispensed.
Generic of Sefril 250
Cephradine