Indications

Gliclazide should be used by patients with maturity-onset diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) who require an oral hypoglycemic drug.

Pharmaceutical Name

Pharmacology

Gliclazide is a sulfonylurea of the second generation with hypoglycemic and potentially hematological properties. It reduces hepatic glucose output while stimulating insulin release from pancreatic -cells by facilitating Ca+2 transport across the -cell membranes.

Dosage & Administration

The usual starting dose is 40 to 80 mg per day in a film coated tablet. When needed, the dose can be increased to 320 mg daily in divided doses. The medication should be taken prior to a meal. Because Gliclazide is contraindicated in juvenile-onset diabetes, it is not used in children.

Interaction

The hypoglycaemic effects of Gliclazide may be increased by Aspirin, NSAIDs, Phenylbutazone, Clofibrate, Sulfonamide, Cimetidine, Imidazole antifungal agents and Monoamine Oxidase inhibitors. The hypoglycaemic effect of Gliclazide some times may be reduced by Rifampin, Barbiturates, Phenytoin, Thiazide diuretics, Diazoxide, Glucocorticoids, Estrogens, Sympathomimetic drugs and occasionally Alcohol.

Contraindications

Gliclazide should not be used in the following conditions: Juvenile-onset (type-1) diabetes Diabetes with Ketosis Diabetic patients undergoing surgery, recovering from a serious injury, or in the midst of an infection Patients who are hypersensitive to the sulfonylurea drug class Pregnant women and mothers who are breast-feeding Hepatic insufficiency is a condition in which the liver is unable to function properly.

Side Effects

Hypoglycemia can occur in the presence of other conditions such as hepatic and renal disease, malnutrition, and alcohol intoxication. Headaches, gastrointestinal upsets, nausea, dizziness, and skin reactions such as rash, pruritus, and erythema are all possible side effects.

Pregnancy & Lactation

Pregnant women should avoid taking gliclazide. It should not be used by a mother who is breastfeeding.

Precautions & Warnings

In patients with hepatic impairment, gliclazide should be used with caution. Gliclazide should not be used if there is clear evidence of hepatic disease. Because gliclazide is extensively metabolized, it can be used safely in patients with renal insufficiency. Gliclazide has a lower risk of hypoglycemia than the other sulfonylurea drugs.

Therapeutic Class

Sulfonylureas

Storage Conditions

Keep the temperature below 30°C and away from light and moisture. Keep out of children’s reach.