Indications

Salbutamol is indicated as a bronchodilator for use in-

• Asthma
• Chronic Bronchitis
• Emphysema and
• Other conditions associated with airway obstruction.

Pharmacology

Salbutamol is a synthetic sympathomimetic agent with predominant beta-2 adrenergic activity. Salbutamol produces bronchodilatation through the stimulation of beta-2-adrenergic receptors in bronchial smooth muscles, thereby causing the relaxation of bronchial muscle fibers. This action is manifested by an improvement in pulmonary function as demonstrated by spirometric measurements.

Dosage & Administration

Salbutamol tablet or syrup-
Children:

• 2-6 years: 2.5 ml syrup, 3-4 times daily
• 6-12 years: 5 ml syrup, 3-4 times daily
• Over 12 years: 5-10 ml syrup, 3-4 times daily (2-4 mg tablet, 3-4 times daily)

Adults: 2-4 mg tablet, 3-4 times daily. The maximum single dose is 8 mg tablet.

Interaction

Prolongation of bleeding time and prothrombin time have been reported in some patients receiving Co-amoxiclav. In common with other broad-spectrum antibiotics, Co-amoxiclav may reduce the efficacy of oral contraceptives and patients should be warned accordingly. Concomitant use of allopurinol during treatment with amoxicillin can increase the likelihood of allergic skin reactions. There are no data on the concomitant use of Co-amoxiclav and allopurinol.%

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to penicillin has a long history. Cross-sensitivity with other beta-lactam antibiotics, such as cephalosporins, should be considered. Patients with a history of Co-amoxiclav or Penicillin-associated cholestatic jaundice should avoid this medication.

Side Effects

Salbutamol may cause fine tremors of skeletal muscles (particularly the hands), palpitations, and muscle cramps. Tachycardia, tenseness, headaches, and peripheral vasodilatation have been reported after large doses.

Pregnancy & Lactation

Only if the possible benefit outweighs the risk to the fetus should the medicine be used during pregnancy. This medication is not known to be excreted in human milk. Because of the possibility for tumorigenicity revealed in some animal studies for Salbutamol, a decision should be made whether to stop breastfeeding or stop taking the medicine, taking into account the drug’s relevance to the mother.

Precautions & Warnings

Salbutamol should be used with caution in patients with hyperthyroidism, cardiovascular disease, occlusive vascular disorders, hypertension, and aneurysms. Hypokalaemia associated with high doses of Salbutamol may result in increased susceptibility to digitalis-induced cardiac arrhythmia. Tachyphylaxis with resistance may occur with prolonged use of high dosage. Care is necessary when treating patients with diabetes mellitus or closed-angle glaucoma and in those receiving antihypertensive therapy.

Therapeutic Class

Short-acting selective & β2-adrenoceptor stimulants

Storage Conditions

Do not store at temperatures above 30°C. Keep out of children’s reach.

Generic

Levosalbutamol

Pharmaceutical Name

ACI Limited